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Romanticism
Romanticism—an ideological and artistic movement in European and American culture from the late 18th century to the first half of the 19th century—is characterized by the affirmation of the intrinsic value of the individual’s spiritual and creative life, the depiction of intense (often rebellious) passions and characters, and the portrayal of nature as inspiring and healing. It spread to various spheres of human activity. In the 18th century, anything strange, picturesque, and existing in books rather than in reality was called romantic. At the beginning of the 19th century, Romanticism became the name for a new movement, opposed to Classicism and the Enlightenment.
Artists of the Movement
Dmytro Levytsky
1735–1822
A leading portraitist of the 18th century, born in Kyiv and trained by his father, the engraver-priest Hryhorii Levytsky. Famous for his Smolny Institute portrait series, he became one of the most celebrated portrait painters of his era.
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Antin Losenko
1737–1773
Born in Hlukhiv in the Cossack Hetmanate and taken young to the St. Petersburg court choir, Losenko became a pioneer of neoclassical history painting, known for monumental canvases from antiquity and Kyivan Rus.
Volodymyr Borovikovsky
1757–1825
Born in Myrhorod into a Cossack family of icon painters, Borovikovsky worked in Ukraine into his thirties before moving to St. Petersburg, where he became the foremost portraitist of the Sentimentalist era.
